adult congenital heart disease fellowship

adult congenital heart disease fellowship
For general awareness of CHO is necessary to knowledge about the anatomy of the heart, for practical purposes.

"The heart is a four-chambered organ. The top two (small) chambers are auricles and the lower two (larger) are chambers. The auricles on each side, with the respective chambers by a diaphragm / aperture, the left is mitral orifice and the right is called tricuspid orifice. The openings are guarded by valves (known as the mitral and tricuspid valve), so that blood flows only in one direction, ie from auricles to ventricles on each side.

The left side of the heart contains pure or oxygen-rich blood. After ventilation, the blood from the lungs to the left of the upper chamber, ie the left auricle through the pulmonary veins. From the left auricle, the blood goes to the left ventricle through the mitral orifice, and from the left ventricle, the blood pressure / pumped into the aorta (through the aortic orifice, guarded by the aortic valve), ie the blood vessels, the blood on the entire body through its various branches.

From the body, the blood has the heart for more oxygen. The blood enters the upper right chamber of the heart (right auricle), through the superior vena cava, the blood from the upper half of the body and through the inferior vena cava, the blood from the lower half of the body. The blood is then on the right ventricle through the tricuspid opening. The right ventricle pushes blood to the lungs through aperture (guarded by pulmonary valve) into the pulmonary trunk, which in right and left pulmonary arteries for the blood to the right and left lung in each case for oxygen.

It is obvious from the above that the left side chambers contain oxygen-rich blood, while the right side chambers contain impure blood. The right and left chambers of the heart is not in any way connected, so there is no mixing of pure and impure blood.
The main pulmonary artery / trunk caused by the blood from the right ventricle into the lungs with oxygen can be used for parties. If this boat is stenosierten called pulmonary stenosis (PS), the whole blood from the right ventricle will not be able to view the lungs for purification. This error may be used in conjunction with a septal defect, either between the two auricles called atrial fibrillation septal defect (ASD) or between the two chambers called ventricular septal defect (VSD), or both, so impure blood goes to the left (as in such cases is more pressure in the chambers on the right side), ie in the left ear or the left ventricle.

In this way, left chambers of the heart rather than with pure oxygen-rich blood, mixed blood, that is pure and impure blood. The mixed blood is the body through the aorta, so that the body instead of always pure oxygen-rich blood, blood is mixed, and thus each organ / tissue of the body suffers, and the child is born. blue / blue or cyanosed with a slight effort.

When pulmonary stenosis (PS) is associated with VSD with resultant right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), and the aorta is also associated with the right ventricle (as a consequence of the VSD), called dextroposition the aorta (DA), the condition is known as Fallot tetralogy (PS, VSD, RVH, DA). And if tetralogy of Fallot is associated with the ASD, the condition is pentalogy Fallot. In such cases the child is expected to clear blue (cyanosed) right from birth, ie, a blue baby may be born.

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