cause congenital heart disease

cause congenital heart disease
pain by the heart muscle itself is called angina. This happens when the blood vessels, the blood to the heart (coronary arteries), is partially blocked with fatty plaques of atherosclerosis (heart disease). The blood flow is only sufficient if the heart at rest, but during the activity, if the heartbeat is 75 to 190 beats per minute, the heart muscle may not be sufficient in blood flow and causes mild to severe pain. This is the reason why angina is caused by exercise, but will subside when the activity stops and the person. angina is worse over a period of time and less activity to provoke the pain. If the angina worsens suddenly and you experience the symptoms even when at rest, which could cause a blocked artery to account a heart attack. If this is the case, immediately seek medical assistance. Angina is not easy to diagnose the symptoms alone, as other conditions such as digestive disorders, show similar symptoms.

Signs and symptoms

• Pain may be mild or severe

• The pain is often so heavy, crushing, tightness and choking

• pain, comes from the middle of the chest, radiates to the neck and arms. It is usually the left arm.

• Shortness of breath

• Sweating

There are no specific tests for angina pectoris, but your doctor will probably begin by asking three simple questions. What are the causes of the complaints? How does it feel? What helps to alleviate the pain? The doctor may also suggest possibly angina when other cardiovascular risk factors such as - cigarettes, family history of heart attacks, high blood pressure and cholesterol levels, diabetes and age. The doctor will perform a physical examination of patients with special attention to the heart and any abnormal noises or blows.

Routine tests electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure measurements, blood and urine tests and a chest X-ray. The physician may require during the ECG of the patient goes on a treadmill (exercise bike), while a device for recording the electrical activity of the heart. The amount of exercise is slowly increased until the patient feels pain, and there is a change in the ECG pattern. Further tests may be a coronary angiogram. This involves a fine tube into the heart through an artery in the groin. A special dye is inserted into the arteries of affixing any narrowing (blocked) arteries on the X-ray images.

Angina responds well to drug treatment. The most commonly used drugs for the treatment of angina pectoris are:

• Nitrates - These drugs are so fast-acting sprays or tablets under the tongue, the pain of an angina attack at. Long-tablets, the daily need for sprays.

• Beta-blockers - These tablets, the workload of the heart, by linking them to beat more slowly and less violently than usual. These tablets prevent pain and slow the progressive worsening of angina pectoris.

• Calcium antagonists - Helps expand the arteries, allowing more blood to flow through them. They reduce blood pressure, the heart of the workload to prevent pain.

A standard treatment is a daily dose of aspirin to prevent more from building atheroma in the heart arteries.

If an artery is blocked or reduced by plaques of atheroma, there are two levels of intervention for the restoration of blood supply to the heart muscle. The choice will depend on how much the artery is blocked or narrowed. 1) angioplasty - This procedure is only performed if the arteries are not completely blocked. A fine tube (catheter) is in the heart. At the top of the tube is a tiny balloon that is inflated and deflated a few times on the blackboard squash and expand the artery. This procedure is performed under local anesthesia and on an outpatient basis. 2) bypass surgery - This procedure is performed only if the arteries are completely blocked or very narrow. A new route for the blood supply is via a bypass graft. For the bypass, surgeons have two options - they can either be an existing artery, which is in the breast or a piece of vein from the leg.

Sometimes a person up to four blocks around. Bypass surgery is under local anesthesia and can be three to five hours to the surgery. Today it is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures.

Michael RussellYour independent guide for cardiovascular disease